Reference Sources/Bibliography

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INTRODUCTION

This page is a listing of historic bottle related references which the user may consult for more information.  The listing emphasizes works that support or compliment the goals of this web site.  Annotation is provided where possible as to the utility or pertinence of the work to historic bottle identification and/or dating.  Books which are purely collector price guides with no useful historical information are not emphasized here, though some which have limited utility from the perspective of this website are listed for informational purposes.  Some collector guides with pictures or good quality illustrations can be of some use in helping determine what type a bottle one has.

Unfortunately, the majority of these publications are out of print but may be found at larger libraries.  Most can also be acquired via the internet based used book sites like ABE, Half.com/eBay, Bibliofind (Amazon), and others, though they may now sell for much more than original cover price.

For a listing of additional possible references, a recent book entitled Antique Glass Bottles: Their History and Evolution 1500-1850 (Van den Bossche 2001) includes the most comprehensive worldwide bibliography of books and articles on bottles and related subjects that is to be found, having over 1100 citations.  This book is still in print and available at the time of this writing (2005).

References that are underlined are those that the author of this site possesses.  Reference materials that are considered essential components of the information "canon" of bottle dating and identification (by the author) are listed in red.  These publications were some of the key references used in the development of this website.

NOTE: If viewers have additional references they think should be listed, have comments on those listed, or wish to do a "review" of ones not done as yet, such is welcomed though the author reserves the right to selectively use what most fits the goals of this website.  Send your additions and/or thoughts by clicking on the following link: author of this website.

There are three hyperlinked sections to this page in the following order:

REFERENCE BOOKS, INTERNET REFERENCE SITES, & PERIODICAL & JOURNAL ARTICLES

REFERENCE BOOKS

Adams, John P.  1971.  Bottle Collecting in America.  New Hampshire Publishing Company, Somersworth, NH.  A simple listing (with pictures) of bottles (600) with no useful historical information.

Agee, Bill. 1969.  Collecting the Cures.  Texian Press, Waco, TX.

Agee, Bill. 1973.  Collecting All Cures.  Texian Press, Waco, TX.  Both Agee books are a comprehensive listing of cure bottle with a lot of photos and good descriptions of the bottles but with very limited history (and dating) of the bottles.

The Agnew Company, Limited  1894.  Illustrated Catalogue and Prices Current of The Agnew Co., Limited, Manufacturers of Flint Glass Bottles.  Duquesne Printing and Publishing Co., Pittsburgh, PA.  A reprint of this useful bottle catalog is found in Pyne Press, 1972.  This bottle manufacturing company was located in Hulton, PA. not far from Pittsburgh.

Alther, Robert J.  1909.  1909 Price List - Robert J. Alther Manufacturers of Druggists, Chemists & Perfumers Glassware (Crystal Glass Works).  Reprinted 1970 by Pacific Grove Press, Pacific Grove, CA. This San Francisco, CA. company, though specializing in druggist & perfume bottles, sold a wide array of all types of bottles, though not nearly as “deep” an inventory as Illinois Glass Company.  Excellent reference, though this reprint is very hard to find.

American Medical Association.  1912 (first edition undated, second edition dated).  Nostrums and Quackery – Articles on the Nostrum Evil and Quackery Reprinted from The Journal of the American Medical Association.  Press of American Medical Assn., Chicago.  The is volume 1 of the famous 3 part set.  As implied by the subtitle of this book, the AMA was a strong - and successful - advocate for control and regulation of the patent medicine industry in the early 20^th century.

American Medical Association.  1921.  Nostrums and Quackery – Articles on the Nostrum Evil, Quackery and Allied Matters Affecting the Public Health; Reprinted, With or Without Modifications from The Journal of the American Medical Association.  Press of American Medical Assn., Chicago.  This is volume 2 of this three part set. 

American Medical Association.  1936.  Nostrums and Quackery and Pseudo Medicine.  Arthur J. Cramp M.D., LL.D., with a forward by George H. Simmons, M.D., LL.D.  Press of American Medical Association, Chicago.  The third and last volume of the set.

Anderson, David (editor).  1996.  Antique Bottles of Rhode Island.  The Little Rhody Bottle Club, Cranston, R.I.  Mostly a listing of known bottles from Rhode Island with some illustrations, but does have an excellent “research “ (historical information) section in the back covering a lot of RI companies including some with national distribution like Davis’ Pain Killer and Rumford Chemical Works.

Anderson, Will. 1973.  The Beer Book:  An Illustrated Guide to American Breweriana.  Pyne Press, Princeton, N.J.

Anonymous. (Date unknown).  Portland Area Druggists 1850-1915.  Privately published.  This is a listing of Portland, Oregon druggists with the dates of business from early business directories.

Apuzzo, Robert.  1994.  Bottles of Old New York: A Pictorial Guide to Early New York City Bottles, 1680-1925.  R & L Publishing, New York.  A picture guide to a few bottles from NYC.  Book is of little utility from the perspective of this website as there are no company histories, just some speculative date bracketing for the bottles pictured (mostly beer and soda bottles).

Austen, Ferol.  1971.  Poor Man’s Guide to Bottle Collecting.  Doubleday & Co., Garden City, NY.  A general guide to bottles and bottle collecting.

Axelson, R. Dean.  2000.  Dr. R. Dean Axelson’s Encyclopedia of Toronto Embossed & Etched Bottles from the Soda Water & Soft Drink Industry 1830-1940.  Canaviax Publications Ltd., Stouffville, Ontario, Canada.  Very well done book on the subject with company histories of soda companies that produced of hundreds bottles (glass & ceramic) and nice b&w photos.  An excellent source of reliable information on the dating of Canadian soda bottles styles and manufacturing related diagnostic features.

Ayers, James C.  1995.   Pepsi Cola Bottles. RJM Enterprises, Mount Airy, N.C.

Ayers, James E., William Liesenbien, Lee Fratt, and Linda Eure.  1980.  Beer Bottles from the Tucson Urban Renewal Project, Tucson, AZ.  Unpublished manuscript, Arizona State Museum.  A good reference on beer and beer bottles catalyzed by the excavation noted in the title.  This work is pending publication – revised, updated, and annotated with footnotes by Bill Lockhart and Bill Lindsey - by the Arizona State Museum.

Baker, T. Lindsay and B. Byron Price.  1986.  Adobe Walls – The History and Archaeology of the 1874 Trading Post.  Texas A&M University Press, College Station, TX.  Interesting archaeological study that includes a chapter with the descriptions and information on bottles discarded during the very short life of a firmly dated historic site in the Texas Panhandle which was destroyed by Comanche’s.

Baldwin, Joseph K.  1973.  A Collector’s Guide to Patent and Proprietary Medicine Bottles of the Nineteenth Century.  Thomas Nelson Inc., New York.  Contains a listing of over 4,000 bottles with more than 800 illustrations, though has little company history information.

Baltimore Antique Bottle Club, Inc.  2002.  Baltimore Bottle Book - Being an annotated list of 170 years of Collector Bottles of Baltimore City and Baltimore County.   The Baltimore Bottle Club, Inc., Baltimore, MD.  Comprehensive listing with limited historical information.

Barbe, Walter B. and Kurt A. Reed.  2003.  The Glass Industry in Wayne County, Pennsylvania 1807-Present.  Dorflinger-Suydam Press, White Mills, PA.  This is an interesting, informative, and well illustrated book on an important 19^th century glass making area in northeast Pennsylvania northwest of New York City.

Barber, Edwin A.  1900. American Glassware Old and New. David McKay & Co., Philadelphia, PA.  One of the earliest books on American bottles and glassmaking.

Barnett, George E.  1926.  Chapters on Machinery and Labor.  Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.  Excellent reference with the information in chapters III and IV being some of the most widely quoted information on the subject of glass and bottle making in the professional literature.

Barnett, R. E.  1987.  Western Liquor Bottles.  Maverick Publications, Bend, OR.  Largest listing of Western American liquor bottles.  Although primarily a listing and price guide, it does contain date estimates for all the bottles that appear to be quite accurate as Mr. Barnett is an acknowledged expert on the subject.

Baron, Stanley. 1962.  Brewed in America. Little, Brown, and Company, Boston

Bartholomew, Ed.  1970.  1001 Bitters Bottles.  Bartholomew House, Publisher, Fort Davis, TX.  Primarily a listing and pricing guide, but does have some interesting history and label information.

Bartholomew, Ed.  1970.  1200 Old Medicine Bottles, with Prices Current.  Frontier Book Co., Fort Davis, Texas.  The following review courtesy of Dale Wedel – State of Wyoming:  This book is basically just a list, with short descriptions and obviously outdated prices.  There are a few rather poor drawings throughout the text, as well as some reproductions of advertisements.  There is a section of rather mediocre photographs at the end of the book.  In short, an outdated collector book with little current utility.

Bates, Virginia T. & Beverly Chamberlain.  1968.  Antique Bottle Finds in New England.  Noone House, Petersborough, NH.  Has some bottle identification and making information, but generally of little reliable utility.

Bellaire Bottle Company.  ca. 1905-1910.  The Catalogue of the Bellaire Bottle Company.  Bellaire Bottle Company, Bellaire, O. (Ohio)  Great turn of the century bottle makers catalog which is very rare and never reprinted.  The catalog is undated, though there are several hints that support a 1905-1910 age based on a comparison between the 1903-04, 1906, 1908, and 1911 Illinois Glass Company (IGCo) catalogs.  Prices are higher than the 1903-1904 IGCo catalog, but similar to the 1911.  Considering the competition in the industry, one could assume that prices would be similar for similar items for all the major producers.  The Bellaire catalog does not offer druggist bottles with the capacity embossed (i.e., the stylized “3iii” type markings on the shoulder) like the 1903-04 IGCo catalog.  The 1911 IGCo catalog does offer many druggist bottles with the capacity embossed which indicates that the Bellaire is probably older.  The Bellaire catalog also does not offer screw top Philadelphia liquor flasks and all of the IGCo catalogs do. (This may just be a function of the Bellaire catalog being more limited in scope than the bigger IGCo.)  The Bellaire catalog does include wide mouth “machine made” bottles, which were certainly made with a semi-automatic machine which are first offered in the 1906 IGCo. catalog.

Bemis, John F., Genevieve Clark, Alene Hall, Arthur W. Nelson, Elizabeth T. Nelson, David R. Proper, and Alan F. Rumrill.  1990.  Yankee Glass – A History of Glassmaking in New Hampshire 1790-1886.  The Yankee Bottle Club, Keene, NH.  Small but informative book covering the following glassworks: Temple, Franklin, Keene (several), Stoddard (several), and Lyndeborough.

Bender, Nathan E.  1986.  Early 20^th Century Commercial Closures.  Kent State University, Kent, OH.  Presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology Conference on Underwater Archaeology, Sacramento, CA. January 11, 1986.  This 125 page booklet contains a very good detailed overview of food preservation history and all types of closures, with an emphasis on food closures used during the early 20^th century.  (The author of this paper has noted that copies are available to researchers by contacting him at the University of Idaho - nbender@uidaho.edu)

Berge, Dale L. 1980.  Simpson Spring Station: Historical Archaeology in Western Utah.  Cultural Resources Series No. 6.  Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office done in conjunction with Brigham Young University.  Though nominally analyzing an archaeological dig at a Pony Express Station in western Utah, this large BLM publication (335 pages) also has an excellent overview of bottles, bottle making, morphology, company histories, and more, including ceramics.  Unfortunately this publication is long out of print and rarely available.  This publication is available on the BLM internet at this URL: http://www.blm.gov/heritage/adventures/research/StatePages/PDFs/Utah/utah_6.pdf

Bethman, David. 1991. The Pioneer Drug Store: A History of Washington State Drug Stores and Their Bottles.  Privately Printed.  (9/03 - According to Dave he is revising the book and will publish a 2^nd edition in the future.)

Birmingham, Frederick A.  1980.  Ball Corporation: The First Century. The Curtis Publishing Co., Indianapolis, IN.

Blasi, Betty.  1974.  A Bit About Balsams.  Texian Press, Waco, TX.  According to Fike (1987), this book is “An excellent, comprehensive reference to balsam bottles; includes illustrations and documented histories.”

Blasi, Gene. 1992.  Louisville's Early Medicine Bottles.  Privately published, Louisville, KY.  Betty’s husband and a useful  book – including an ample amount of dating and historical information – on the subject of Louisville medicine bottles.  Includes decent line drawings of most of the medicine bottles covered and a section on Louisville druggist company date ranges for those that used proprietary embossed bottles.

Blumenstein, Lynn.  1963 (with many reprints).  Old Time Bottles Found in the Ghost Towns.  Old Time Bottle Publishing Co., Salem, OR. 

Blumenstein, Lynn.  1965 (with many reprints).  Re-digging the West for Old Time Bottles.  Old Time Bottle Publishing Co., Salem, OR.  Both of the Blumenstein books were some of the earliest bottle books published during the beginning of the Western collectors craze in the 1960’s.  However, they are just simple listings of bottles with pictures and have no useful historical information.

Boow, Dr. James.  1991.  Early Australian Commercial Glass: Manufacturing Processes.  The Heritage Council of New South Wales.  Very well researched and illustrated publication on the processes of glass and bottle making from an Australian and English perspective.  Includes some excellent information on the dating of bottles using manufacturing based diagnostic features and an overview of Australian and English makers makings.

Borton, Warren. 1988.  Historical Bottles of Wyoming 1868-1915.  Privately published.  157 pages soft spiral bound.  (Reprinted in 1999 as Wyoming Bottles:  Historical Bottles of Wyoming: 1868 to 1910).  Small, but nicely done (good historical information & quality line drawings) of all types of bottles and ceramic jugs from Wyoming listed alphabetical by city.  Wyoming has a small population now and even smaller during the era covered by the book, so the number of different bottles from the area is limited.

Bressie, Wes & Ruby. 1972 (earlier editions back to 1964).  Ghost Town Bottle Price Guide – With An Expanded Section on Oriental Relics.  Caxton Printers, Caldwell, ID.  As the name notes, this is primarily just a listing of bottles with limited historical information, though the section on Oriental items is of some utility since many are pictured.

Buckley, William E.  Undated – about 1985.  A History of The Pitkin Glasswork. Private Printing through Allied Printing Services, Inc.  History of the Famous Pitkin Glassworks. Chapters include the Beginnings, the troubled years, glassmaking, Pitkin production, endings, acknowledgments & even appendices. Great color photos.

Bull, Donald & Manfred Friedrich.  1976.  The Register of United States Breweries 1876-1976.  Privately published by Holly Press, Stamford, CT.  Good resource for the business dates of several thousand breweries in the U.S.  Book is divided into the pre and post Prohibition.

Bull, Donald, Manfred Friedrich, & Robert Gottschalk.  1984.  American Breweries.  Privately published by Bullworks, Trumbull, CT.  Sequel to the 1976 book that includes more information including the initiation of operation dates for thousands of breweries.  Both the 1976 and 1984 books are useful when used together since they do not cover the exact same general material, though cover most of the same breweries.  For simple brewery dating, the 1984 book is the most useful but van Wieren (1995) is an update to this book; see that entry below.

Burggraaf, Mike & Tom Southard.  1998.  The Antique Bottles of Iowa 1846-1915. Privately published.  This is a monumental two volume regional work that is over 650 pages long with exceptional history, state coverage, and illustrations.  This work provides great information for the dating of bottle styles over time.

Caniff, Tom.  1997.  The Label Space, The Book. Phoenix Press, Chicago, IL.  This book is a compendium of articles which originally appeared in Bottles & Extras magazine from 1992 to 1995 and an excellent source of information on various types of food bottles and jars.  (Caniff continues to write periodic articles as a regular column called “Fruit Jar Rambles” for the Antique Bottle & Glass Collector magazine.)

Carter, Morris A. and James E. Hostetler.  1975.  Ontario Soda Water Bottles. Rune Publications, Ontario, Canada.  A listing of over 700 Ontario soda bottles used from the mid-19^th to early/mid 20^th century with no historical information on the bottles or companies that used them.

Chapman, Tom L.  2003.  Bottles of Eastern California.  Hungry Coyote Publishing Company, Bishop, CA.  Another of the well researched though regionally focused books by a collector that also includes excellent color photography as well as historical context.  Allows for the accurate dating of a myriad of different bottles – milks, liquor, sodas, drugstores, etc. – from the 1870’s to the mid 20^th century.

Chessman, G. Wallace and Curtis W. Abbott.  1991.  Edward Hamlin Everett “The Bottle King.”  Robbins Hunter Museum, Granville, OH.  History of the Everett Glass Co. and Newark Star Glass Works and contains some excellent pictures of the glass works and illustrations of bottles they made (including the Lightning fruit jar; Henry Putnam was Everett’s stepfather).

Chopping, George C. 1978.  Bottles of the Canadian Prairies.  403 pages. Privately published.

City of Astoria.  2006.  Astoria’s Historic Resources and Heritage.  City of Astoria, August 2006.  This report includes information on various Astoria (Oregon) historic buildings and businesses that was (to quote the report) “an assessment of Astoria’s historic resources and heritage that was financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.”

Cleveland, Hugh.  1988.  Bottle Pricing Guide.  Collector Books, Paducah, KY.  Simply a listing and price guide; has no useful historical information.

Clint, David K.  1976.  Colorado Historical Bottles & Etc. 1859-1915.  Antique Bottle Collectors of Colorado, Denver, CO.  Excellent book of most Colorado bottles (not druggist bottles – see Preble 2002) and includes very nicely done drawings – including base markings - and great history of the companies that used the bottles.

Colcleaser, Donald E. 1965.  Bottles of Bygone Days.  Privately published.  Napa, CA.  This early collectors book is primarily composed of decent drawings of several hundred different bottles, including base markings, and has some value because of this.

Colcleaser, Donald E. 1966.  Bottles of Bygone Days – Part II.  Betty’s Print Shop, Vallejo, CA.  Same comments as above book.

Covill, William E. Jr.  1971.  Ink bottles and Inkwells. William S. Sullwold, Publishing, Tauton, MA.  This book is certainly the best book on the subject that there is, though long out of print and relatively expensive to acquire (though examples are around in some quantity).  It pictures a couple thousand ink bottles of all types, and though light on historical information compared to the plethora of images, does have a lot of useful information.

Creswick, Alice M.  1987 (Also reprinted in 1995).  The Fruit Jar Works Vol. 1 & 2, Privately published (1995 published by Douglas Leybourne and identical in content to the 1987 version).  Extremely detailed work on fruit jars including history, great illustrations by her husband Howard, glassmaking information and more including good information on the dates of manufacture.  Volume 1 covers jars made “circa 1820 to 1920’s”; Volume 2 covers jars made from “circa 1900 to modern” (1980’s).  Unfortunately, both printings are out-of-print again and somewhat expensive to acquire.

Crown Cork & Seal Co.  (Undated but ca. 1950s).  The Story of the Crown Cork & Seal.  Crown Cork & Seal, Co., Inc., Philadelphia, PA.  A small booklet that provides information on the subject implied by title – the crown cap.

Culhane, Phil and Scott Wallace.  Transfer Printed Ginger Beers of Canada. 393 pages published recently.  Also published the “Primitive Bottles of Canada” 208 pages.

The Cumberland Glass Mfg. Co.  1911.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List of Bottles, Fruit and Battery Jars.  The Cumberland Glass Mfg. Co., Bridgeton, N.J. (Catalog reprinted by the Mooers Mail-tiques, Wheaton, MD.)   Another interesting early 20^th century catalog reprinted some time in recent years and which has some similarities to the Illinois Glass Catalogs of the same era including sharing some of the same illustrations.  Also includes an assortment of “Machine Made Ware.”  The company was absorbed by the Illinois Glass Company in 1920.

Davis, Marvin & Helen.  1967.  Antique Bottles. Old Bottle Collecting Publications, Ashland, OR.  A simple, but limited, listing of bottles with photos; no useful historical information.

Davis, Pearce. 1949 (1970). The Development of the American Glass Industry.  Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. (Russell and Russell, New York).  Reprinted also in 1970.

DeGrafft, John.  1980.  American Sarsaparilla Bottles.  Privately published.  (Better designed book than Shimko’s but with very little historical & company information which Shimko’s does have.)

Deiss, Ronald W.  1981.  The Development and Application of a Chronology for American Glass.  Illinois State University, Normal, IL.  MS Thesis.  This is also an excellent overview of the subject matter described by the title and highly recommended if one can find a copy.

Devner, Kay.  1966.  Backwards Through a Bottle.  Privately published, Tucson, AZ.   This book does include some interesting historical information on a variety of different, mostly common, bottles with some emphasis on Arizona bottles where author lived.

Devner, Kay.  1968.  Patent Medicine Picture.  Privately published, Tucson, AZ.  According to Fike (1987), this book is a “Comprehensive list of medicines including dates of advertisement.  Data sources include newspaper advertisements, magazines, trade cards, and supply house catalogs.”  One of the many books Fike used in preparation for his monumental medicine bottles book.

Devner, Kay.  1970.  At the Sign of the Mortar.  Fike (1987) – “Provides a brief history of American drugstores with lists of early supply houses, their merchandise and medicine.”

Downard, William L.  1980.  Dictionary of the History of the American Brewing and Distilling Industries.  Greenwood Press, Westport, CN.   Very interesting and informative book on the subjects noted in the title.  This includes short historical sketches on many different brewing and distilling companies, glossary of pertinent brewing/distilling terms, statistical information on consumption over time, and much, much more.  Highly recommended for students of brewing or distilling history.

Dumbrell, Roger.  1983 (1992 reprinted) .  Understanding Antique Wine Bottles. Antique Collectors Club, England.  (From eBay listing: “Out of print second (1992) edition, hardback book and a reprint of the first (1983) edition. It was published by the Antique Collectors Club England. There are 338 pages full of information and illustrations. It really has most of the information a black glass wine bottle collector need. The 24 chapters include history and evolution of the wine bottle starting in 1630 up to 1900. Dating your shafts and globes, onions, mallets, cylindrical wine bottles, etc… will become much easer now. There are also nearly 100 pages on known seals, including illustrations. This one is a must for all black glass wine bottle collectors.”)

Durflinger, Roger L.  1975.  Poison Bottles Collectors Guide.  Maverick Publishing, Bend, OR.  A black & white photographic listing of different poison bottles with little historical information.

Easton, June.  1965.  Bottles West Vol. 1.  Press-tige Printed Products, Inc., Ontario, CA.  This small book has some good historical information on an assortment of common bottles such as Sloan’s Liniment, Murine, Three-In-One Oil, Edison Battery Oil, Bromo-Seltzer, and a couple dozen more.

Eatwell, John M. (editor)  1971.  Denver’s Golden Days and Apothecary Palaces.  Antique Bottle Collectors of Colorado, Denver, CO.   The following review (condensed) courtesy of Dale Wedel – State of Wyoming:  “The List of Denver Drug Stores from 1875 to 1915 is probably the meat of the book.  It was compiled… from city directories and is basically an extended table listing all drug stores in the city and their years of operation.  The table also indicates which drug stores had embossed bottles.  Included in this chapter are also a number of photographs of drug stores, and drawings of drug store bottles.  The latter lack a scale but appear to be actual size, most of them include drawings of the base.”

Eatwell, John M. and David K. Clint III.  2001.  Pikes Peak Gold.  An important new book regarding Zebulon Pike and Pike’s Peak, the discovery of Gold in 1858, and the gold rush that followed.  This book features a comprehensive section about Pike’s Peak flasks, their production, and their historical significance. It also features a revised identification system, fully illustrated with accurate, full-size drawings and color photographs.  This book contains a condensed history of Zebulon M. Pike and his 1806 – 1807 expeditions, along with the famous Pike’s Peak gold rush. Other topics include: Louisiana Purchase, Crossing The Plains, Denver City, The Miners, Clark-Gruber & Co., Peak Flasks and Flasks Illustrated.

Elliot, Rex R.  1971.  Hawaiian Bottles of Long Ago.  Hawaiian Service, Inc., Honolulu, HI.  The smaller, though still high quality precursor to the next listed book.   The 1988 revised edition has everything (it appears) that the earlier book has plus much more.

Elliott, Rex R. and Stephen C. Gould.  1988 (revised edition).  Hawaiian Bottles of Long Ago.  Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu, HI.  Excellent book on the bottles of Hawaii that also includes a lot of information about bottle making, bottles styles.  Has value to bottle researchers far beyond just the coverage of that states bottles.  Good clear black and white photographs of more than 200 different bottles, includes soda water, seltzer, liquor, beer, and medicine bottles, with lots of useful information about the companies that produced them.

Fadley, Don.  1992.  Hair Raising Stories.  Privately published.  Excellent book on bottles related to hair – both medicinal and cosmetic.  Virtually all of the information is now available on-line at the following website:  http://www.hairraisingstories.com

Fairmount Glass Works.  1910.  Bottles - Illustrated Catalogue.  Fairmount Glass Works, Indianapolis, IN.  Catalog showing a diverse array of mostly mouth-blown bottles (a few noted as “machine made”) that the company offered in 1910.

Fairmount Glass Works, Inc.  Undated (late 1920s or early 1930s).  General Catalogue.  Fairmount Glass Works, Inc. Indianapolis, IN.  Though undated, the array of bottles offered in this catalog reflect the standard styles and types of the noted era.

Faubel, Arthur L.  1938.  Cork and the American Cork Industry.  Cork Institute of America, New York, N.Y.  Interesting book that cover the history and use of cork for all purposes, including a chapter on “Cork Stoppers.”

Feldhaus, Ron & the members of Minnesota's First Antique Bottle Club & North Star Historical Bottle Collectors Association.  1986.  The Bottles, Breweriana and Advertising Jugs of Minnesota 1850-1920, Volume 1: Beer, Soda, Household. Soft back, measures approx. 8 1/2" X 11".  Many pictures, drawings, and great history of companies.  Very good regional book.

Feldhaus, Ron & the members of Minnesota's First Antique Bottle Club & North Star Historical Bottle Collectors Association.  1987.  The Bottles, Breweriana and Advertising Jugs of Minnesota 1850-1920, Volume 2: Whiskey, Druggist, Medicine.  Same comments as above.

Felton, David L. and Peter D. Schulz.  1983.  The Diaz Collection: Material Culture and Social Change in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Monterey.  California Archaeological Reports No. 23, Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento, CA.  Contains some useful information on 19^th century bottles from a known dated historic site.

Felton, David L., Frank Lortie, and Peter D. Schulz.  1984.  The Chinese Laundry on Second Street: Papers on Archeology at the Woodland Opera House Site.  California Archaeological Reports No. 24, Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento, CA.  Like the above report, this one contains some useful information on 19^th century bottles from a known dated historic site.

Ferraro, Pat & Bob. 1964. The Past in Glass.  Western Printing & Publishing, Sparks, NV.

Ferraro, Pat & Bob. 1966. A Bottle Collector’s Book.  Western Printing & Publishing, Lovelock, NV.   Both Ferraro books have some useful bottle dating and general bottle related information.

Field, Anne E. 1975. On the Trail of Stoddard Glass.  William L. Bauhan, Publisher, Dublin, New Hampshire.  This is an informative and well done book on the four glass factories in the Stoddard, NH area which produced a lot of relatively distinctive bottles during the 19^th century.  The factories were:  John Foster’s Works – South Stoddard; Granite Glass Co. or C. Curtis & Co. – Mill Village; South Stoddard Glass Co. or Weeks & Gilson – South Stoddard; and The New Granite Glass Works – Mill Village.

Fike, Richard E.  1965.  Handbook for the Bottleologist.  Ogden, UT.  Fike’s first book which has some limited historical information and a list of over 1000 bottles that were or could be found in the Great Basin.

Fike, Richard E.    1966.  Guide to Old Bottles, Contents & Prices 1.  Ogden, UT.  Continuation of the work from his first book, this one includes lots of reproduced advertisements and line drawings of lots of bottles.  Of some utility to the goals of this website.

Fike, Richard E.    1967.  Guide to Old Bottles, Contents & Prices 2.  Ogden, UT.  Continuation of the second Fike book above.

Fike, Richard E.   1987.  The Bottle Book:  A Comprehensive Guide to Historic, Embossed  Medicine Bottles.  Gibbs M. Smith, Inc., Peregrine Smith Press, Salt Lake City, UT.  For the identification and history medicinal bottles, this book is exceptional and should be considered part of the “canon.”  (Note: There is currently a reprint of this book available from Blackburn Press.  Click on the following link to view:  http://www.blackburnpress.com/bottlebook.html)

Fike, Richard E.  1998. A Guide to the Identification and Dating of Historic Glass Bottles.  Photocopied “short course” informal publication from the Bureau of Land Management, Montrose, CO.  Also printed in Foster (2001).

C. L. Flaccus Glass Co.  ca 1895-1897.  Flint Glass, Green and Amber Bottles.  C. L. Flaccus Glass Co., Pittsburgh, PA.  Typical glass makers catalog from the late 1890’s which includes an assortment of era typical bottles as well a plethora of other glass and related items.

Fletcher, Edward.  1972.  Bottle Collecting.  London: Blandford Press, 1st edition. 95pp. Illustrated

Fletcher, John  1994.  Kansas bottles - 1854 to 1915.  Privately published.  Soft cover, 380 page guide with over 1300 illustrations and prices of every known Kansas bottle from 1854 to 1915.The book was carefully researched by Johnny Fletcher, who also authored the only books on Oklahoma and Indian Territory bottles. The book lists all known druggists, bottlers, patent medicine producers, food producers, liquor dealers and anyone else who might have had an embossed product bottle. Also included are detailed drawings of all known bottles and dose glasses at the time of publication.  The guide has enjoyable stories and information about some of the noted bottlers and druggists from the early years, as well as copies of some of their ads taken from old newspapers and directories

Foster, Daniel G. (editor).  2001. Reference Manual and Study Guide for the CDF-CLFA Archaeological Training Program for Registered Professional Foresters and Other Resource Professionals. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) and the California Licensed Foresters Association (CLFA).  2 Volumes, 1283 pages.  Bottle identification and dating sections are on pages 587 through 671 which are a compilation of past works in this order: Fike (1998), Rock (1990), and the Univ. of Utah/BLM/USFS IMACS guide (1992).

Fountain, John C. and Donald Colcleaser. 1969.  Dictionary of Spirits and Whiskey Bottles.  Ole Empty Bottle House Publishing Company, Amador City, CA.  Limited historical information though of some use for liquor/spirits bottle typology due to the abundance of images.

Fowler, Ronald R.  1975.  Soda – The Oregon Bottlers.  M&S Duplicating Service, Portland, OR.  Good history and information on Oregon soda manufacturing companies.

Fowler, Ronald R.  1981 (reprinted in 1998).  Ice-Cold Soda Pop 5¢ - An Illustrated History of Oregon Soda Pop Bottling. Seattle History Company, Seattle, WA.  Follow-up to his 1975 book with more information (and better illustrations) on the subject.

Fowler, Ronald R.  1986.  Washington Sodas – The Illustrated History of Washington’s Soft Drink Industry.  Seattle History Company, Seattle, WA.  Excellent (and only) source of information on Washington State soda bottles with good history and illustrations.

Fowler, Ron.  1988.  The Bottler’s Helper.  Dolphin Point Writing Works, Seattle, WA.  This book is a facsimile reproduction of a Blumenthal Bros. 1907 book of the same name which was designed as a “Helpful Hints” resource for soda water producers in the early 20^th century.  It contains a wealth of information on many related subjects.  The previous three books are still available from the author; see his website for more information: http://www.seattlehistorycompany.com/index.html

Frederick Stearns & Co. 1886.  Retail Druggist Diary and Want Book 1886.  Frederick Stearns & Co., Detroit, Mich.  Fascinating catalog from a major late 19^th century wholesale druggist, patent medicine, and bulk herb producer and distributor.  Has illustrations of hundreds of bottled products which can assist with the dating and particularly, the typing, of historic bottles.  Also includes information on hundreds of domestic and imported herbs – their medicinal properties and uses, etc.

Freeman, Dr. Larry.  1957.  Medicine Show Man.  Century House, Watkins Glen, N.Y.

Freeman, Dr. Larry.  1964.  Grand Old American Bottles.  Century House, Watkins Glen, N.Y.  This book is packed with information, though the organization makes it often difficult to use or to make full sense of – at least to the website author.  (Note: The 1903 Illinois Glass Company bottle catalog was also reprinted by Century House in 1964 as a small supplement pamphlet to this book.)

Gardner, Charles B. and J. Edmund Edwards.  1970.  Collector’s Price Guide to Historical Bottles and Flasks. John Edwards Publisher, Stratford, CN.  Has some decent dating of historical/pictorial flasks and early American glass.

Gerth, Ellen C.  2006.  Bottles from the Deep – Patent Medicines, Bitters & Other Bottles from the Wreck of the Steamship Republic.  Shipwreck Heritage Press, Las Vegas, NV.  Interesting, well illustrated book on some of the bottles recovered from an October 1865 American shipwreck.  These type excavations, regardless of its commercial nature, still provide for an excellent “snapshot in time” for bottle manufacturing features firmly tied to a specific timeframe.

Giarde, Jeffery L. 1989 (2nd printing).  Glass Milk Bottles: Their Makers and Marks.  L. G. Enterprises, Redlands, CA.  Excellent reference on the dating of milk bottles using makers marks and other features.  Giarde's work compliments Toulouse's 1971 book and is an excellent source of dating and glassmaker information for many other types of bottles beyond just milk bottles.  Originally published in 1980, it was printed again in 1989.  Book still available (2003) from L. G. Enterprises (Leigh Giarde - author's wife) at P.O. Box 2243, Redlands, CA. 92373.

Graci, David.  1995.  American Stoneware Bottles; A History and Study.  Calem Publishing, South Hadley, MA.

Graci, David.  2003.  Soda and Beer Bottle Closures 1850-1910.  Privately published.  A very good source of information, period illustrations, and pictures on beer and soda closures.

Griffenhagen, George and James Harvey Young.  1992.  Old English Patent Medicine in America.  From “Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology”, United States National Museum Bulletin 218, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., pages 155-183.  Excellent, nicely illustrated history of medicines – and their containers – which were imported into North America from Colonial days until the 20^th century.  (Also reprinted in the journal “Pharmacy in History” Vol. 34(4):200-230 [1992]).

Griffenhagen, George and Mary Bogard.  1999.  History of Drug Containers and Their Labels.  Published by the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy (AIHP), Madison, Wisconsin.  Exceptionally good historical overview of druggist/pharmaceutical and related bottles.  This book – and the previous one - are both still available from the AIHP through the mail; visit the following link for more information:  http://www.pharmacy.wisc.edu/aihp/publications.htm

Gusfield, Joseph R. 1970 (originally published in 1963).  Symbolic Crusade: Status Politics and the American Temperance Movement.  University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Chicago, and London.  Fascinating study of the roots of the Temperance movement which eventually led to National Prohibition between 1920 and 1933.

Hagerty Brothers & Co.  1898.  Hagerty Brothers & Co. New York 1898.  Bottle catalog issued by this company in 1898 and, like all bottle catalogs, an excellent source of information on late 19^th century bottle types.

Harmer Rooke Numismatists. 1988.  The Samuel J. Greer Collection of Pontiled Medicine Bottles. Harmer Rooke Numismatists, Ltd., New York.  Though an auction catalog, it is an excellent source of information and pictures of over 1800 pontiled American medicine bottles from the first half of the 19^th century.

Hartman, Don.  Date?  Bottles & Jugs - With a York Pennsylvania Perspective.  Rosenmiller Publishing, York, Pennsylvania. 152 pages, well illustrated with photos, excellent biographies and short histories of this Pennsylvania town producers and their products.  (Information from an internet listing.)

Hawley, Greg. 1998.  Treasure in a Cornfield – The Discovery and Excavation of the Steamboat Arabia.  Paddle Wheel Publishing, Kansas City, MO.  Book about the salvaging of this steamboat that sank in the Missouri River in 1856.  It contained an assortment of era bottle though not as many as the SS Bertrand or Republic.

Heckler, Norman C.  1975.  American Bottles in the Charles B. Gardner Collection at Unreserved Public Auction.  Robert W. Skinner, Inc., Bolton, MA.  Though an auction catalog, this describes and pictures bottles from one of the best collections that ever existed – specializing in bitters and historical (or figured) flasks.

Heckler, Norman C.  1983.  The Edmund & Jayne Blaske Collection of American Historical Flasks.  Robert W. Skinner, Inc., Bolton, MA.  Another auction catalog that covers one of the best collections of historical (or figured) flasks ever assembled.

Heetderks, Dr. Dewey R.  2002.  Merchants of Medicine: Nostrum Peddlers – Yesterday and Today.  Drukker Press, Grand Rapids, MI.   Nicely done “coffee table” type book with a wealth of full color pictures on the history of American patent medicines.

Herskovitz, Robert M.  1978.  Fort Bowie Material Culture.  Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona #31, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.  Contains some very useful information on historic bottles from the era of the forts occupation (1862-1894) based on the thousands of glass items excavated at the fort.  Also contains a good section on ceramics as well as many other items found at this famous fort.

The Hocking Glass Company.  Undated (ca. 1910-1920).  Catalog Number Two – Packer’s Goods, Display Jars, Candy Trays, Etc.  The Hocking Glass Co., Lancaster, OH.  A period catalog that has jars, milk bottles, packers, and assorted glassware but few bottles per se.

Holabird, Fred and Jack Haddock.  1979 (2^nd in 1981, revision pending again).  The Nevada Bottle Book.  Privately published.  Like many of the better done “regional” bottle books, Holabird’s Nevada bottle book is a great tool for the dating of bottles because of the research on the specific companies that is included.  Books like this help establish the background of specific information that allows for the dating of similar bottles elsewhere for which no dating references exist.

Holcombe, Henry W.  1979.  Patent Medicine Tax Stamps.  Quarterman Publications, Inc., Lawrence, MS.  Good historical information on 137 proprietary medicine companies that used private die medicine stamps.  This includes Hostetter’s Bitters, Lyon’s Kathairon, Kelly’s Bitters, New York Pharmaceutical Company, Rumford, and many more.  This book is a compilation of Holcombe’s articles published in the 1930s and 1940s, though it is now out of print and relatively hard to find now.

Horner, Roy C.  1985 (Reprint of the 1969 printing).  Tempo and the Glass Folks of South Jersey.  Gloucester County Historical Society, New Jersey.  Thought a bit disorganized, this softbound book contains some great information on New Jersey glass making, including a plethora of black and white photos and illustrations, including some great glasshouse pictures.  (According to Horner, Tempo was the glassblower’s term for their “coffee break”, or more precisely, the time not glassblowing since they were paid by the item.)

Hotchkiss, John F. and Joan H. Cassidy.  1971. Bottle Collecting Manual with Prices.  Hotchkiss House, Rochester, N.Y.  Essentially just an out-of-date listing of bottles with prices with almost nothing in the way of useful historical information.

Huggins, Phillip K.  1997 (revision of 1971 book).  The South Carolina Dispensary: A Bottle Collector's Atlas and History of the System.   Sandlapper Press Co., Inc., Columbia, SC.  Excellent history of the South Carolina state run monopoly on liquor sales from 1893 to 1907 and the myriad of bottles produced by the “system”.  (Still in print 2003)

Hume, Ivor Noel.  1991 (earlier and later printings also).  A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America.  Vintage Books, Random House, New York.  This classic book has several informative and useful chapters on glass (and pottery) bottles including an illustrated time series of primarily English-made wine/spirits bottles from 1652 to 1834 and some good illustrations (with dates) of early pharmaceutical bottles.

Illinois Glass Co.  1896.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.  Copy of an original used for this website.

Illinois Glass Co.  1899.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.  Copy of an original used for this website.

Illinois Glass Co.  1903.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.  Original used for this website, though the 1903-04 catalog was also reprinted by Collector Books, Paducah, Kentucky in the 1970’s or 1980’s.  The reprint is a quality reproduction of the original catalog showing the hundreds of different bottle styles and designs in production at that time, which would primarily be mouth-blown (some semi-automatic production of wide-mouth items) though nearing the end of that era.  (Note: The 1903 IGCo. bottle catalog was also reprinted by Century House in 1964 as a small supplement pamphlet to Dr. Larry Freeman’s book “Grand Old American Bottles.”)

Illinois Glass Co.  1906.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.  Original used for this website and to our knowledge this catalog has never been reprinted.  Like the 1903-04 catalog this one shows the hundreds of different bottle styles and designs in production at that time and is primarily mouth-blown items.

Illinois Glass Co.  1908.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.  Original used for this website and this one has also never been reprinted to our knowledge.  Like the earlier one above, this catalog shows the hundreds of different bottle styles and designs in production at that time which is right at near the end of the mouth-blown bottle production and just before the I. G. Co. began automatic machine production in 1910-11 (Miller & McNichol 2002).

Illinois Glass Co.  1911.  Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, Illinois Glass Company.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.   Original used for this website.  (The 1911 IGCo. catalog was also reprinted by H. E. Putnam though the date of the catalog is not noted anywhere in that reprint; see “Putnam, H. E. 1965. Bottle Identification” listed below.)

Illinois Glass Co.  ca. 1920.  Diamond “I” Products – General Catalog “A”.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.   An original was used for this website and no modern reprints are known.  This catalog is undated, but notes that the “new” carboy factory at Alton was completed January 1, 1919.  The catalog is also marked with a receiving stamp (a business in Durango, Mexico) which is 1922, thus the age has to be somewhere in between.  Since IGCo. apparently did not put out a catalog every year (about every 2-4 years it appears), this one likely dates from between 1919 and 1921.  It is full of great information for the era right when the automatic bottle machine was dominant, though some specialty bottles were still being mouth-blown (perfume bottles in particular in this catalog it appears).

Illinois Glass Co.  1924-1925.  Diamond “I” Products – General Catalog “B”.  Illinois Glass Co., Alton, IL.   An original was used for this website and no modern reprints are known.  This is another undated IGCo. catalog that is primarily of machine-made bottles.  It is dated as noted for several reasons as follows.  It does include a page on the “new” Priof finish which was an IGCo. product beginning in the early 1920s according to Paul & Parmalee (1973).  The catalog also notes that the company had been making bottles for “over half a century” which places the catalog no earlier than 1923 or 1924 as they began business in 1873 (the company merged into the Owens-Illinois Glass Co. in 1929).  And finally, the catalog also notes that it’s “Western Representative” was the Illinois Pacific Glass Company, which became the Illinois Pacific Glass Corporation in early 1926.

Illinois Glass Co.  2000 (reprint).  Diamond I PERFUME Bottles & Other Drugstore Ware.  Reprinted by L-W Book Sales, Gas City, IN.  5 x 8" soft cover book of 71 pages.  Black and white catalog reprint including tooth powders, cold creams, smelling salts, shelf ware, candy jars, fire extinguishers & more from Illinois Glass Co., ca. 1910-25.

Innes, Lowell. 1976.  Pittsburgh Glass 1797-1891: A History and Guide for Collectors.  Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA.

James, Daniel J. 1956.  The Evolution of the Glass Container Industry.  University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.  Nothing known about this book; references in the IMACS guide.

James, D.  1967.  Drug, Perfume and Chemical Bottles 1902.  Signal Mountain, TN.  Edited reprint of the Whitall-Tatum Co. 1902 catalog.

Jensen, Al and Margaret.  1967.  Old Owl Drug Bottles & Others. Peninsula Press, Inc., Mountain View, CA.

Jeter, Paul and Harvey S. Teal.  1976.  Columbia’s Past in Glass.  Privately published.  Book covers bottles from Columbia, South Carolina including medicines, sodas, pottery jugs, etc. and “jugs made in Edgefield, SC for Columbia merchants”.  50 photographs showing over 200 items.  Includes history, dating, variations, etc.

Jones, J. L.  1972.  Soda and Mineral Water Bottles.  Palmetto Enterprises, Greer, S.C. Contains photos (and some history and estimated dating) of “over 2000 varieties” of soda/mineral water bottles with an emphasis on late 19^th to mid-20^th century bottles, including lots of ACL sodas.  In interesting book.

Jones, May. 1961 to 1968.  The Bottle Trail, Vol. 1-9.  Chalfant Press, Bishop, CA.  & Southwest Offset, Hereford, TX.  Though somewhat haphazard in organization, this series of booklets contain a wealth of excellent information on a host of different bottles and related subjects, especially glass makers and their marks.  Ms. Jones was a friend of Dr. Julian Toulouse and they collaborated on makers mark research.

Jones, Olive R.  1986.  Cylindrical English Wine and Beer Bottles, 1735-1850.  National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.  (Also produced in a French version.)  This book is an excellent source of information on the dating and classifying early English liquor and beer bottles; the best we’ve seen on the subject.  The entire book is now available as a pdf file on the Society for Historical Archaeology website at this link: http://www.sha.org/documents/Parks_Canada/Cylindrical English Wine and Beer Bottles - English.pdf

Jones, Olive R. and E. Ann Smith.  1985.  Glass of the British Military ca. 1755 to 1820.  National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.  (Also produced in a French version.)  Another very interesting and useful book that covers bottles (and other glassware) used in Canada and the U. S. during the period near the beginning (and just prior) of that covered by this website.  As the title implies, the slant of the book is towards items used by the British Military during several wartime periods.  This entire book is also now available as a pdf file on the Society for Historical Archaeology website at this link:  http://www.sha.org/documents/Parks_Canada/Glass of the British Military - English.pdf

Jones, Olive and Catherine Sullivan.  1989 (Revision of the 1985 version).  The Parks Canada Glass Glossary for the Description of Containers, Tableware, Flat Glass, and Closures. Studies in Archaeology, Architecture, and History. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.  (Also produced in a French version.)  This is an exceptional work, which to quote from the introduction is “…intended as a reference tool for people inventorying, cataloguing, researching, and discussing glass artifacts, specifically containers, tableware, closures, and flat glass.  It provides guidance on terminology, measurements to take, and attributes to describe…”   In a sense, this is a Canadian version of the IMACS (University of Utah) guide.  Although Canadian in origin, this work is highly applicable to bottles produced in the U.S.  This entire book is also now available as a pdf file on the Society for Historical Archaeology website at this link:  http://www.sha.org/documents/Parks_Canada/The Parks Canada Glass Glossary.pdf

Kearns-Gorsuch Bottle Company.  1916.  Illustrated Catalog of Packers’ Ware – Machine Made and Hand Blown, Issue of 1916-1917.  The Kearns-Gorsuch Bottle Co., Zanesville, OH.  Comprehensive “transition era” (mouth-blown to machine-made) catalog that covers a wide array and depth of different bottle styles with some distinct emphasis on food related bottles, i.e., “packers’ ware.”

Kendrick, Grace.  1963. The Antique Bottle Collector.  Western Printing & Publishing Co., Sparks, NV.  Several editions and many printings.  Though small, this is one of the most often quoted bottle books.  All of Kendricks’ books have some excellent information in them, but unfortunately she also began some misconceptions that are still with us today, including the famous “bottle side seam as dating thermometer” myth.

Kendrick, Grace.  1966.  Price Supplement to The Antique Bottle Collector.  Edwards Brothers, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI.

Kendrick, Grace. 1968. The Mouth-Blown Bottle. Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, MI.  Excellent coverage of bottle blowing methods and processes well illustrated with pictures from a Mexican glass blowing factory of the era.

Ketchum, William C. Jr.  1975. A Treasury of American Bottles.  Bobbs-Merrill, New York.  Like Munsey’s book The Illustrated Guide to Collecting Bottles , this book is a good overview of bottles, bottle manufacturing, bottle collecting, and different bottle types.

King, Thomas B.  1987.  Glass in Canada.  The Boston Mills Press, Erin, Ontario, Canada.

Klamkin, Marian.  1971.  The Collector’s Book of Bottles.  Dodd, Mead & Company, New York.  In the style of Munsey (1970) and Ketchum (1975), this book is an overview of bottles from a general collector’s point of view with some information on manufacturing, a fair amount of history, and good black and white pictures.

Knox Glass Associates, Inc.  Undated (ca. 1950).  The Knox Line of Miscellaneous Glass Containers.  Knox Glass Associates, Inc., Oil City, PA.  Another bottle makers catalog that is undated but the bottle styles reflect the 1950’s.  These type catalogs are useful for general dating and style trends and for determining the names that glass makers used for different bottle styles.

Kovel, Ralph & Terry.  2002 (12^th edition).  Kovels’ Bottles Price List. Three Rivers Press, The Crown Publishing Group, New York.  Basically a price guide with very little useful historical information.  Books like this are almost useless for the typical collector since they provide no historical information, the “values” are out of date, or the listings so lacking in detail that the actual value of an item a person actually has is extremely exaggerated – up or down (though usually to high).

Kroll, Wayne L. 1976.  Badger Breweries: Past and Present.  Privately published, Jefferson, WI.  Well researched and extensive history of Wisconsin breweries and their bottles, including the embossing pattern, base marks, photos of the breweries, and much more.  Although narrow in scope (just Wisconsin pre-Prohibition beer bottles), this is a great regional historical work though long out of print.

Kulasiewicz, Frank.  1974.  Glassblowing.  Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, NY.  Well done “how-to” book on the subject of glassmaking and glassblowing primarily for an art glass perspective, but much of it does have direct applicability to hand-made bottle making processes.  Includes a nice series of photos showing free-blowing.

Kyte, David L.  2005.  Early Utah Soda Bottles.  Privately published.  Very nicely done book and the only work on the subject.  Includes color pictures and good history of the soda bottles and includes some useful maker’s mark information.

Lamb Glass Company.  Undated (ca. 1945-50).  The Milk Bottle.  Lamb Glass Company, Mount Vernon, OH.  This is catalog of many different style of milk bottles produced by the company.  It is undated but appears to be a of mid to late 1940s to possibly early 1950s vintage as it still offered plate mold “common sense” type milk bottles.

Leahy, Midge and Phil Leahy.  1967.  Bottles of Leadville, Colorado with History, Sketches, Rarity.  Privately published.

Leybourne, Douglass M. Jr.  2001.  The Collector’s Guide to Old Fruit Jars – Red Book 9.  Privately published.  Primarily an illustrated listing (and value guide) of all known fruit jars with some information on morphology, a glossary, and estimated manufacturing dates.  Essentially this is the price guide to Creswick (1987) as it is based on the same numbering system with the same excellent Howard Creswick illustrations...and is still in print.

Lief, Alfred.  1965.  A Close-up of Closures: History and Progress.  Glass Manufacturer’s Institute, New York.  Fike (1987) – “The technological evolution of bottle closures, their characteristics and chronologies.”

Lockhart, Bill and Michael R. Miller.  2007.  The Bottles, Marks, and History of the Southwestern Coca-Cola Bottling Co., New Mexico and Arizona, 1917-1947.  Another exceptional regional work focused nominally on a narrow field of historic bottles (SW American Coca-Cola bottles) but with much broader utility due to the extensive discussion of 20^th century bottle makers and maker’s marks.

Lohmann, Watson M.  1972.  Whitney Glass Works Illustrated Catalog and Price List with Historical Notes 1900-1918.  Privately published.  This is a reprint of a 1904 Whitney Glass Works bottle catalog with additional historical notes and photos from the 1900-1918 period.  A very useful little book about that glass company and bottles styles right before the Owens machine was licensed.

Love, Ed.  1983.  Colorado Breweries:  A Historical Review based on Colorado State Business Directories, City Directories, and other Sources.  Albacor, Colorado Springs, CO.

Lucas County Bottle Co.  Undated (likely 1940’s or early 1950’s).  Catalog of OnIzed Glass Containers.  Lucas County Bottle Co., Toledo, OH.  Catalog of the array of bottles produced by the Owens-Illinois Glass Company and being offered by what appears to be a distributor.

Lyman, George D.  1934.  The Saga of the Comstock Lode.  Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York.  Excellent historical work about Virginia City, Nevada during the earlier days (1849-1865) prior to the “Big Bonanza.”

Madden, Michael J. and Joel C. Hardison.  2004.  An Easy Identification Guide and Typology for Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Century Bottles.  Archaeological Society of Virginia, Special Publication Number 42, 2^nd Edition.

Markota, Peck and Audie.  1994.  Western Blob Top Soda and Mineral Water Bottles – Second Edition.  Privately published.

Markota, Peck and Audie.  1999. A Look at California Hutchinson Type Soda Bottles. Privately Published, Sacramento, CA.

Martin, Byron and Vicky.  1973.  Here’s to Beers – Blob Top Beer Bottles 1880-1910.  Privately published.  (Mostly Californian beer bottles.)

Martin, Les.  1977  A Collectors Guide to Olde Whisky Jugs.  Spiral bound, 144 pages, 8 1/4 by 5 1/2.

Maust, Don.  1956.  Bottle and Glass Handbook.  E. G. Warman Publishing Company.  157 pages. Softbound.  Many re-printings at least into the 1970’s.  Is a nice overview of glassmaking and bottle making over time.

McArthur, Lewis A.  1952.  Oregon Geographic Names.  Binfords & Morts, Publishers for the Oregon Historical Society, Portland, OR.

McGuire, Eric. (date unknown).  The Old San Francisco Directory of Liquors 1865-1915.  Publisher unknown.  We have never seen a copy of this booklet, but it reportedly has great business directory derived information on San Francisco liquor dealers which would be very useful for the dating of San Francisco liquor bottles – the Western city responsible for the most early liquor bottles of any west of the Mississippi.

McKearin, George S. and Helen McKearin.  1941.  American Glass.  Crown Publishers, Inc., New York.  Several later editions and many printings.  (The 1948 edition was actually referenced in the preparation of this website.) This is also an exceptional work on the subject, though from the perspective of bottles, the later McKearin & Wilson (1978) book is superior.

McKearin, George S. and Helen McKearin.  1949.  Two Hundred Years of American Blown Glass.  Crown Publishers, Inc., New York.

McKearin, Helen.  1953.  The Story of American Historical Flasks.  The Corning Museum of Glass, Corning Glass Center, Corning, New York.  This small book (70 pages) has some good historical information on American figured flasks, but is dwarfed by the information in McKearin & Wilson (1978).

McKearin, Helen.  1970.  Bottles, Flasks and Dr. Dyott.  Crown Publishers, Inc., New York.  Excellent coverage of the bottles from Dyottville Glass Works and the history around that company and its founder.

McKearin, Helen and Kenneth M. Wilson.  1978.  American Bottles & Flasks and Their Ancestry.  Crown Publishers, Inc., New York.  Exceptional reference book on the history of primarily eastern American bottles, techniques, glassmakers, etc. during the 18^th and 19^th centuries.  A must have for serious students of American bottles.

McNeal, Violet.  1947.  Four White Horses and a Brass Band.  Doubleday & Co., Inc. Garden City, N.Y.  Insider account of the patent medicine and medicine show business from a medicine show con-woman.

Miller, Edrick J.  1998.  California (Embossed) Drug Store/Pharmacy Bottles & Dose Glasses.  Privately published.  A listing of hundreds of druggist bottles from California including scanned images of scores of bottles.  Unfortunately, the book does not contain any historical information on the bottles themselves.

Miller, George L. and Catherine Sullivan.  1981.  Machine-Made Glass Containers and the End of Production for Mouth-blown Bottles.  Research Bulletin #171. Parks Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.  Brief,  but undoubtedly the best work on the subject described by the title – changeover from mouth-blown to full automation.

Miller, George, Olive Jones, Lester Ross, and Teresita Majewski. 1991.  Approaches to Material Culture Research for Historical Archaeologists.  Society for Historical Archaeology.  This book has numerous good bottle dating related chapters, which are noted in the Periodical & Journal Articles section near the end of this page.

Miller, George L. and Elizabeth A. Jorgensen.  1986.  Some Notes on Bottle Mold Numbers from the Dominion Glass Company and its Predecessors.  National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.  (Also produced in a French version.)  Very interesting work on the subject of molds and mold numbers in regards to meaning, dating, and more.  Discusses Canadian produced bottle molds for mouth-blown and machine-made items, though some of the information is pertinent to U. S. made items also.  This entire work is now available as a pdf file on the Society for Historical Archaeology website at this link:  http://www.sha.org/documents/Parks_Canada/Some Notes on Bottle Mould Numbers from the Dominion Glass Company and its Predecessors - English.pdf